Compostos Vegetais nas Atividades Antienvelhecimento
publicado em 10/06/2025
B Juara Carvalho Brandão, E Sabóia Guerra Diógenes, T Gonçalves de Araújo
Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza CE, Brasil
O objetivo deste estudo de revisão é relacionar os compostos vegetais com atividade sobre as enzimas colagenase, elastase, hialuronidase e tirosinase, por meio de modelos experimentais in vitro, para um melhor entendimento sobre o mecanismo de ação do uso de ativos vegetais como inibidores do envelhecimento cutâneo e clareadores da pele.
The objective of this literature review study is to relate plant compounds with activity on the enzyme collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase and tyrosinase, through in vitro experimental models, for a better understanding of the mechanism of action of the use of plant actives as inhibitors of skin aging and as skin lighteners.
El objetivo de este estudio de revisión de literatura es relacionar los compuestos vegetales con actividad sobre las enzimas colagenasa, elastasa, hialuronidasa y tirosinasa, a través de modelos experimentales in vitro, para una mejor comprensión del mecanismo de acción del uso de activos vegetales como inhibidores del envejecimiento cutáneo y como aclaradores de la piel.
A pele funciona como interface externa do corpo humano com o meio ambiente. É sede de muitos processos complexos e dinâmicos, incluindo: funções de barreira e imunológicas, produção de melanina, síntese de vitamina D e regulação térmica. É composta de duas camadas: epiderme, derme e pelo tecido subcutâneo (ou hipoderme).1,2
A epiderme, que é a camada mais externa, é composta principalmente de queratinócitos, mas também contém melanócitos (produzem melanina para a proteção contra a radiação ultravioleta), células de Langherans (importantes na modulação da resposta imune adaptativa) e células de Merkel (especializadas, com função neuroendócrina). É avascularizada e dividida em quatro camadas ou estratos, sendo: estrato basal, estrato espinhoso, estrato granuloso e estrato córneo.2,3
A derme fica entre a epiderme e o tecido subcutâneo, representa a maior parte da pele e é composta de elementos do tecido conjuntivo: colágeno, elastina, glicosaminoglicanos, denominados coletivamente de matriz extracelular (MEC), bem como de fibroblastos, que são as células predominantes e responsáveis pela produção e pela organização da MEC. A derme é altamente vascularizada e inclui unidades pilossebáceas, glândulas sudoríparas, células adiposas dérmicas, mastócitos e leucócitos infiltrados.3,4 É dividida em duas camadas histologicamente distintas: derme papilar e derme reticular. A derme papilar é uma zona fina que subjaz e suporta fisicamente a epiderme. Em contraste, a derme reticular é caracterizada pelo entrelaçamento de fibras colágenas e fibras elásticas espessas, que conferem força e resiliência à pele.5
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