Membranas Biológicas para avaliar AD/P Humana
publicado em 09/05/2020
Luana Almeida Fiel, Karina Paese, Sílvia Staniçuaski Guterres
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brasil
Este trabalho teve como propósito estudar as membranas biológicas utilizadas em ensaio in vitro de absorção dérmica/percutânea (AD/P) humana visando determinar quais membranas são capazes de substituir a pele humana. Entre as membranas revisadas, a pele de porco é o modelo mais utilizado e recomendado para estudar a AD/P humana.
This study aimed to review the biological membranes used in in vitro studies of human dermal/percutaneous absorption (AD/P) targeting to determine which of them could replace human skin. Among the types of membranes addressed in these review, pig skin is certainly the most recommended and used model to predict the human AD/P.
Este trabajo tuvo como intención estudiar las membranas biológicas utilizadas en ensayos in vitro de absorción dérmica/percutánea (AD/P) humana con el objetivo de determinar caules membranas son capaces de reemplazar a la piel humana. De entre las membranas revisadas, la piel de cerdo es el modelo más utilizado y recomendado para estudiar a la AD/P humana.
Membranas Utilizadas
Conclusões
Considerada o maior órgão do corpo humano, com área de superfície de 1,8-2,0 m2, a pele é a barreira entre o organismo e o ambiente externo apresentando importância vital. Além disso, exerce função protetora contra raios ultravioleta, ataques físicos, químicos e microbiológicos, mantém a temperatura corporal, impede a perda de água e possui funções sensoriais (calor, frio, pressão, dor e tato).1
A pele é formada basicamente por duas camadas: a epiderme e a derme e, logo abaixo dessa, por uma camada formada por tecido adiposo compreendida como uma camada subcutânea, a hipoderme. 2 A epiderme, camada mais superficial da pele, possui várias camadas, sendo o estrato córneo a mais superficial. O estrato córneo é formado por células queratinizadas e anucleadas3 e é altamente hidrofóbico. A função-barreira da pele está relacionada com a lipofilia e coesão das células do estrato córneo.4 A derme fornece nutrientes à epiderme e abriga os apêndices cutâneos (glândulas e folículos pilosos, por exemplo), vasos sanguíneos e linfáticos.2
Embora apresente função-barreira, algumas substâncias podem penetrá-la.1 Assim, a pele vem sendo amplamente utilizada como via de administração, tanto visando à ação tópica de substâncias, devido à elevada ocorrência de doenças e problemas de pele, como também à ação sistêmica dessas, já que possui vantagens como efeitos adversos reduzidos,5 evitando a possível perda de fármaco ocasionada pelo efeito de primeira passagem, pelo qual fármacos administrados oralmente estão sujeitos, além de proporcionar comodidade ao paciente, já que pode ser utilizada concomitantemente a outras terapias.6 Além
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